Following 16 years of negotiations, the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) between India and the EFTA (European Free Trade Association) States – Switzerland, Iceland, Norway, and Liechtenstein – will enter into force on 1 October 2025. As the first European countries to conclude a free trade agreement with India – the world’s most populous nation – the EFTA States are strategically positioning themselves to tap into substantial economic opportunities. TEPA marks a significant milestone in bilateral/regional trade relations and is designed to enhance cooperation across key areas including namely trade in goods and services, investment promotion and intellectual property rights.
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